The Effect of Pollination on Ethylene Production and Flower Senescence in Crop Plants

Abstract

Flowering is the transition from the vegetative phase of a plant’s lifecycle to the reproductive phase. The final stage of flowering is flower senescence, which leads to the termination of the flower. Flower senescence includes flower wilting and dehiscence (opening) of floral organs. Senescence of other parts of the plant is usually a gradual process, but flower senescence is generally much quicker. Ethylene, a simple gaseous hormone, is thought to be a key regulator of flower senescence. Ethylene is involved in many different aspects of plant development and growth, including fruit ripening. Studies of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathways in model and ornamental plants have provided tools for the study of ethylene effects in other systems, including crop plants. In ornamental plants, flower senescence has been shown to be ethylene dependent. Manipulation of the target genes for ethylene signaling or biosynthesis can improve flower longevity. This is an important area of research for the floriculture industry, as it could lead to the development of new varieties of flowers with longer vase life.