Mitigating the Toxicity Effects of Heavy Metals in Plants

Amadi Noble, Gbosidom, V.L, Worlu, C.W.

Abstract


This work focuses on the growth performance of Cyperus iria grown in a heavy metal polluted soil amended with NPK, orange and plantain peels. The ex-situ experiment was conducted at the Centre for Ecological Studies, University of Port Harcourt. Two (2) kilograms of heavy metal polluted soil was weighed into polythene bags (height 18 cm, diameter 14 cm and surface area 0.095 m2) and arranged in 5 batches (A, B, C and D) alongside with uncontaminated soil (batch E), batch A, B and C were subdivided into 3 sub plots with amendment as: A (100g OP/2kg + Cyperus iria, 200g OP/2kg + Cyperus iria, 300g OP/2kg + Cyperus iria); B: (100g PP/2kg + Cyperus iria, 200g PP/2kg + Cyperus iria, 300g PP/2kg + Cyperus iria); C (40g NPK/2kg + Cyperus iria, 80g NPK/2kg + Cyperus iria, 120g NPK/2kg + Cyperus iria). D (0g /2kg + Cyperus iria; polluted unamended soil). E (0g /2kg + Cyperus iria unpolluted with no amendment), stands as control and double control respectively. This was monitored at 60-day interval. Findings showed that amendment with  300g PP caused increase in plant height, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, shoot moisture content, root fresh weight, root dry weight and root moisture content, and orange peel amendment was the second best option while inhibition in growth parameter were observed in soil amended with 40g NPK and  polluted soil with no amendment. Therefore, 300g plantain peel waste is observed to be more effective in ameliorating the toxicity effects of heavy metal on plant growth

Keywords


Heavy metal, Cyperus iria, Plant growth parameters

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahmed, P. and Majeti, N. V. P. “Environmental adaptations and stress tolerance in plants in the era of climate change.” Springer Science and Business media, New York (2012).

Ali, R. N., Riffat, N. M. and Abdul, Q. “Heavy metals distribution and risk as-sessment in soils affected by tannery ef-fluents.” Chemistry and Ecology 29.8 (2013): 676-692.

Baker, A. J. M. and Brooks, R. "Terrestrial higher plants which hyperaccumulate metallic elements. A review of their distribution, ecology and phytochemistry." Biorecovery. 1.2 (1989): 81-126.

Bago, B. ‘Putative sites for nutrient uptake in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.” Plant and Soil. 226. 2 (2000): 263–274.

Castro, A. J., Caryn, C. V., Jason, P. J. and Marina, G. L. “Social Demand forEcosystem Services and Implications for Watershed Management.” Journal of the American Water Resources Assosciation 52.1 (2015): 1-13.

Gautam, P. K., et al. "Heavy metals in the environment: fate, transport, toxicity and remediation technologies." Nova Sci Pub-lishers 60 (2016): 101-130.

Gill, S. S. and Narendra, T. “Polyamines and abiotic stress tolerance in plants.” Plant signaling and behavior 5. 1 (2010):26-33.

Ibrahim, M. H., Hawa, Z. E. J., Ehsan, K. and Ali, G. “Impact of organic and inor-ganic fertilizers application on the phyto-chemical and antioxidant activity of kacip fatimah (Labisia pumila Benth).” Molecules 18.9 (2013): 0973-10988.

Joshi, C. and Mohanty, P. B. “Physical controls of near surface soil moisture across varying spatial scales in an agricultural landscape during SMEX02.” Water Resources and Research 46.12 (2010):1-21.

Kabata-Pendias, A. “Trace metals in soils in Poland-occurrence and behaviour.” Soil Science 140.11 (2001): 53-70.

Kibria, M. G., Osman, K. T. and M. J. Ah-med. “Cadmium and lead uptake by rad-ish (Raphanus sativus L.) grown in three different textured soils.” Soil and Environ-ment 26(2008): 106-114.

Lasat, M. M. “Phytoextraction of Toxic Metals: A Review of Biological Mecha-nisms.” Journal of Environmental Quality 31.1 (2002): 109-120.

Masindi, V. and Khathutshelo, L. M. “Environmental contamination by heavy metals Heavy Metals. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ;( 2018).

Martin, Y. E. and Edward A. J. "Biogeosciences survey: Studying interactions of the biosphere with the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere." Progress in Physical Geography 36.6 (2012): 833-852.

McGrath, S. P., Zhao, F. J., Dunham, S. J., Crosland, A. T. and Coleman, K. "Long-term changes in the extractability and bioavailability of zinc and cadmium after sludge application." Journal of Environmental Quality 29.9 (2001): 875-883.

Oancea, A. “Criticisms of educational research: key topics and levels of analysis.” British Educational Research Journal. 31.2 (2005): 157-183

Echezona, N.O. “Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Physic Nut (Jatropha Curcas).” Int'l Journal of Advances in Agricultural and Environmental Engg. 3.1 (2016): 131-135.

Rout, B. K., Rout, S. K. and Kar, D. M. “Mental health challenges and possible solutions with special reference to anxiety.” International Research Journal of Pharmancy 2.9 (2011): 37-42.

Walker, C. H. R. M., Sibly, S. P. and Hopkin, D. B. P. “Principles of Ecotoxicology.” Group, T. And F., Ed.; 4th Edition, CRC Press (2012).

SAS. “SAS for Windows Release 9.1.” Canny, United States of America, Statistical Analysis Systems Institute Incorporated (2002).

Schaller, A. and T. Diez. “Plant specific aspects of heavy metal uptake and com-parison with quality standards for food and forage crops.” Sauerbeck D, Lubben , KFA, Germany 92.9 (1991): 5-125.

Hanker, A. K. and B. Venkateswarlu. “Abiotic stress in plants mechanisms and adaptation.” Rijeka in Tech, 29.7 (2005): 367–394.




Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2022 Annals of Plant Sciences

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.